What are the key precautions when administering medications to elderly patients?

Monitoring for altered drug metabolism and potential side effects in elderly patients is essential due to several physiological changes that occur with aging. As individuals age, their bodies may metabolize medications differently, which can affect the potency and duration of the drugs’ effects. Renal and hepatic functions often decline, impacting how drugs are processed and eliminated from the body. Furthermore, older adults frequently take multiple medications concurrently, increasing the risk of drug interactions and side effects. Therefore, careful monitoring ensures that any adverse reactions can be identified promptly, and medication adjustments can be made when necessary to ensure safe and effective treatment.

The other options do not address the comprehensive needs of elderly patients effectively. Relying solely on prescriptions from specialists may limit access to necessary treatments, while allowing self-administration without oversight can lead to medication errors. Providing double dosages can pose serious risks of overdose and adverse reactions, particularly in this vulnerable population. Thus, proactive and attentive medication management, as indicated in the correct answer, is vital in promoting the safety and health of elderly patients.